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Freedom and Justice: Interdependent Pillars of a Just Society

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Freedom and Justice: Interdependent Pillars of a Just Society Abstract This paper explores the intricate relationship between freedom and justice, two foundational concepts in political philosophy. By analyzing the works of John Locke , John Rawls , Karl Marx , Isaiah Berlin , and contemporary scholars, it argues that freedom and justice are not mutually exclusive but interdependent, each reinforcing the other in the pursuit of a just society. The discussion examines various philosophical perspectives, historical contexts, and contemporary interpretations, highlighting the complexities and nuances inherent in balancing these principles within different political frameworks. Introduction The concepts of freedom and justice have been central to political philosophy for centuries, serving as cornerstones in the development of modern political systems. While often treated as distinct, these principles are deeply interconnected, each influencing and shaping the other. The relati...
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Why the Islamic Republic Must Fall and Is Irreformable

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   The Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) has repeatedly shown that it is irreformable, and its refusal to listen to the most basic human rights demands from its citizens is a clear indication that the only way to save the country is through its collapse.  The Iranian government has failed to meet even the most fundamental rights of its citizens, such as the right to freedom of dress for women, the right to express themselves for religious, ethnic, and sexual minorities, and even the most basic rights of LGBTQ+ individuals (Amnesty International, 2021; Human Rights Watch, 2022).  The regime has even imposed restrictions on food and drink. Policies such as the prohibition of alcoholic beverages not only failed to reduce alcohol consumption in Iran but also led to the production and distribution of unsafe alcohol containing methanol, which has resulted in the deaths of dozens, if not hundreds, of citizens (BBC News, 2018). The Islamic Republic is solely pursuing its own id...
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The State, Iran short-term society, and critique of totalitarianism

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The State: The state, as one of the most important social and political institutions, plays a fundamental role in shaping the social, economic, and cultural structures of a country. In simple terms, the state is a set of institutions and structures that work to establish order, maintain security and public welfare, and implement laws and policies within a society. However, what distinguishes states from one another is the type of relationship they establish with the people and how they manage resources and power within society. In Iran, one of the prominent features observed throughout history is the "short-term society." This concept, introduced by Homayoun Katouzian, refers to the tendency in Iran for political and economic decisions to be made based on immediate, short-term needs, with little attention given to long-term planning and development. This characteristic has been observed in Iran’s governance structure from ancient times to the present, hindering the establishm...
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On Capitalism

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Capitalism: Solution or Problem? Have you ever wondered why there's always a new product that you feel like you need to buy? Why do you see advertisements everywhere telling you that in order to be happy, successful, or even "normal," you need to have something new? Or why is the Earth being destroyed under the weight of our consumption? The answer to all these questions can be summed up in one word: capitalism. What is Capitalism? Simply put, capitalism is an economic system based on private ownership and free markets. In this system, unlike communism, governments aren't the decision-makers; instead, it's companies, traders, and big capitalists who decide what to produce, who produces it, and who buys it. Capitalism has always existed in some form, but the version we know today emerged after the Industrial Revolution. When the Industrial Revolution happened, a massive amount of goods and wealth were produced, which the world had never seen before. Now...
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